How to Buy a Computer

Category: Hardware

"I teach senior citizens in a community based free computer lab. They often ask what to look for when buying a computer, what software they need for email, basic Internet usage, word processing, etc. Many are on a limited budget. What would you suggest they need as a minimum?"

Recommendations For a New Computer

The good news is that computer prices have dropped a lot over the past few years, and the computing power you get for your money is going up! I don't recommend used computers for anyone, because the rate of change of computer technology will render most systems nearly obsolete within three years. If you're a computer novice, wondering what kind of computer, monitor, hard drive, memory, and operating system to get... here's some advice to get you rolling.

Windows or Mac?

You may have friends, relatives or neighbors trying to pull you into the "Windows vs. Mac" holy wars. In my opinion, the choice of operating system really doesn't matter. From a beginner's perspective, each has point & click interfaces that are pretty easy to use. Both will take you to the same Internet, and enable you to send and receive email. Both offer word processing, and the documents they create are interchangeable. Because Windows-based computers make up 90% of the market, they are cheaper. It's the law of supply and demand in operation. And in some areas, it may be hard to find technical or repair support for Apple Macintosh computers. So if you're budget-minded, and you don't have any friends willing to help you with Mac issues, I suggest you go with a Windows-based PC.
A good entry-level computer with monitor can be purchased for under $400, and sometimes you even get a printer in the deal. So what should a newbie look for in terms of speed, monitor, memory and hard drive specs? It doesn't have to be all that confusing...

What about Horsepower?

The CPU (central processing unit, or "processor" for short) is the brain of your computer. In general, the faster the better. Processor speeds are measured in gigahertz (GHz) and as of this writing, the fastest models available operate at about 4 GHz. Entry-level machines start at about 1.5 GHz and are more than adequate for web surfing, email and word processing. If you see a computer with a processor that has a speed specified in megahertz (MHz), steer clear -- these are older models.

Thanks for the Memory

The next decision you have to make is how much RAM memory you need. Don't confuse RAM with hard drive (file storage) space. RAM is the temporary working memory that your computer uses to perform calculations and manipulate files. When you open a document, it is copied from the hard drive into RAM. As you and your word processor work on the file, the modified copy exists only in RAM. When you save the file, it is copied from RAM back to the hard drive, or permanent storage. And as with CPU power, the more RAM you have, the better your computer will perform. I recommend you have a minimum 512 megabytes (MB) of RAM, but with 1 gigabyte (1024 MB) you'll notice better performance.

Hard (Drive) Decisions

The hard drive is your permanent file storage. All of your personal files, such as word processor documents, photos, music, and emails are stored here, in addition to software packages and the operating system. Most new PC's come with a hard drive that's 40 gigabytes (GB) or larger. I recommend you start with a hard drive of 80 GB, but consider doubling that if you plan to keep lots of photos, music or videos on your computer.

Go For a Large Monitor

Here's the formula: Larger Monitor = Less Eyestrain and Less Scrolling. I recommend a 17-inch monitor, or even a 19-inch if you don't mind spending a bit more. Don't worry about brand names here, they're all pretty much the same. Stay away from 14 or 15-inch monitors, they're just too small to be practical.

What About Software?

Most of the software you need will come pre-installed on your new PC. Windows comes with Internet Explorer (for web browsing) and Outlook Express (for email). Many PC systems include a word processor, such as Microsoft Word, WordPerfect, or OpenOffice. If your computer doesn't come with any of these, I suggest you purchase Microsoft Works, which will give you MS Word, a spreadsheet similar to MS Excel, and other useful programs.

Look for a computer that comes with anti-virus software pre-installed. If yours doesn't come with any anti-virus package, check with your Internet service provider to see if they offer anything for free. Failing that, you can download the free AVG package.

Summary

So in a nutshell, here are my recommendations:

  • Look for a Windows XP-based PC with monitor for around $400
  • Processor: 1.5 GHz or better
  • RAM memory: 512 MB or better
  • Hard Drive: 80 GB or better
  • Monitor: 17-inch or larger
  • Software: Microsoft Works and AVG anti-virus

    Where to Buy?

    Look at your local computer store first, they may have some good deals and offer local support. Office supply and electronics stores such as Staples, Office Depot, and Best Buy are good options to explore too. If you're comfortable buying online, check out Dell, Gateway and other vendors to compare features and pricing.


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    Posted by Bob Rankin on October 2, 2007 02:17 AM


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    Most recent comments on "How to Buy a Computer"

    Posted by:
    David
    03 Oct 2007

    Hi Bob
    Great article, but why suggest people buy Microsoft Works when they can do more with the free Open Office suite you mention? It can easily be set to default to MS Office formats if thats an issue. In my experience, unless you work in a corporate environment with Exchange server, etc, you don't need the cost of MS Office. MS Works I find a bit odd so harder to support. Open Office is so similar to MS Office that its easy to support and to migrate. I migrated a year ago and all my Office spreadsheets, presentations, and docs all were fine. Never have any trouble opening files people send. And I got rid of several problems I was having with MS Office.

    And finally, Open Office supports the international standard Open Document format. MS does not. Ever tried to open 15 year old Word files? No issue with the Open Doc standard. Big issue with the latest MS Office formats.

    As a side note, you can get Star Office from Google Apps for free. Star Office is very similar to Open Office but has some extra templates and cliparts and such.


    Posted by:
    David
    03 Oct 2007

    About Macs - if you are buying a budget system, I agree you should be looking at a PC. But of you are going into the mid or higher level, I would take a look at the Macs too. They are competitively priced in that sector now and the Intel Macs will run Windows as well. And they support a quality level thats hard to find in some brands of PC's.


    Posted by:
    Mickey aka MmeMoxie
    03 Oct 2007

    Bob, Once again, good points and suggestions. For a senior citizen, I would highly recommend a 19" monitor and no less. It really is easier on the eyes.

    Now, for those who wear Bi-Focals or the No-Line Progressives, get yourself some inexpensive magnifying glasses at Wal-Mart, Sam's Club, K-Mart or any place like that. Find the diopter (1.25, 1.50, 2.0, 2.25, and etc.) that works best when you are reading, then only use them, when you are on the computer. Trust me, this simple suggestion will save your neck and shoulder muscles. By doing this, it will be much easier to read your email, computer screen, so on and so forth.

    While, I really do agree with your suggestion of NOT purchasing a 'used' computer, I will have to disagree with one exception. IF ... note I say, IF ... you have a good friend, who is computer savvy, I have used a web site that sells 'used' Dell, HP or Compaq Work Stations, with a 6 month guarantee and I have purchased several for a couple of friends of mine. Plus, all the computers that I have purchased for them, are still in excellent working order to this day. The only problem is, you have to install your own operating system, that is where your savvy computer friend comes in.

    They have plenty of bang for the buck, are solid computer cases and you can find what you are usually looking for both in Laptops or Desktops or Towers or SFF. Check it out yourself. http://www.computer-show.com

    Bob, they really package their computers for shipment excellently. They cover the whole computer in plastic, then 'blow' a plastic foam over the plastic wrapped computer, into the shipping box. I was totally amazed the first time, I saw this. Plus, their shipping and handling is quite reasonable. Heavens, you don't EVEN get that with a brand, spanking new computer system!!!

    The hard drives in these computers have been 'wiped clean' with plenty of "0's" and all the components have been checked out. They tell you upfront that there may be 'blemishes' and when an item is in Grade B condition, as opposed to Grade A condition. I think, that is being pretty up and up, in my book.

    No, they won't be a 4GHZ CPU, but, many are Pentium 4 3.20GHz, with 512MB or even 1GB DDR Memory, many with 40GB or 80GB or 120GB hard drives, as well as CD-RW's or DVD's or DVD-RW's. Sometimes, they will even have 'Computer Bundle Sets', meaning a computer, monitor, keyboard, mouse and speakers.

    The choice is yours, as little as you want or as much as you want. To me, this is always a viable solution to suggest, for those who help senior citizens in learning computers, for basic things, like surfing the Internet, Word Processing and getting into the Email 'game'.

    Senior citizens don't need power computers, just one with the simple basics. Microsoft Works is an excellent suggestion, it is just so easy to use their templates to create a lot of different things and a few favorite games, like Solitaire or whatever.

    Now, I have a 40GB hard drive and do quite well with it, I still have about 20GB's left. Plus, I do have LOTS of games, Windows XP Pro, Windows XP Office, Works 2000 and a good Anti-Virus program, I have used AVG's for about 6 years now, and love it. The price is exactly right for my fixed-income ... FREE!!! My husband, who only plays his games and some emailing, is doing fine with his 20GB hard drive and he has about 10GB's left on his.

    So, for senior citizens and don't forget kids, these kinds of computers are great for their needs.


    Posted by:
    Randy
    03 Oct 2007

    Just thought I would mention that this article will be out of date in less than 4 months. At the end of Jan., all Windows-based new computers will HAVE to be sold with Vista which requires far greater horsepower than what is listed in this article. The people this article is targeted at will have to either settle for a used Windows computer or get a computer with Linux on it instead. I'm a Mac user and would agree that it's not for someone on an very tight budget. Of course, neither is a reliable Vista computer.

    EDITOR'S NOTE: It will be a sad day when Vista is mandated on all new computers. Even the experts and power users are still saying there is no compelling reason to move away from XP. As for the minimum Vista hardware reqs, this is what Miscrosoft says: 800MHz processor, 512 MB of RAM, 40 GB hard drive. So I think my recommendations actually exceed those. Of course a little extra RAM and CPU power is always nice!

    NEWS FLASH: Microsoft is extending the deadline for computer makers to sell new PCs with XP installed, all the way to June 30, 2008.


    Posted by:
    Jerry B
    03 Oct 2007

    Dell sells refurbished computers and in the same section offers "Off Lease" computers. These are real bargins. Check it out!


    Posted by:
    Granny
    06 Oct 2007

    I do think this needs to be updated for today, when all budget computers sold in retail stores come with Vista, not XP. So like it or not, the target audience of this article will be getting Vista.

    Having had a Vista laptop for a month (my old one got fatally ill all of a sudden), I think Bob's minimum requirements need to be revised upward. A 40-gig hard drive is completely inadequate for Vista. 80 gigs is tight for the system, applications, data, and restore points, but might be an okay starting point. The Vista system needs a minimum of 1 gig of RAM. 2 is much better. 512 is not acceptable and the system would crawl. Just about every inexpensive PC sold in a retail store has a fast enough processor. I'd look for dual core, though.

    People should be aware that Vista is not compatible with everything they may be using (software and hardware) under XP or an earlier Windows. I have had good luck with program compatibility, but a few programs wouldn't install, period. Vista has a Compatibility Mode that might enable some older applications to be installed, but success is certainly not assured. I installed most of my old programs the regular way and had to use Compatibility Mode for just one--I don't remember which one.

    EDITOR'S NOTE: I'm just repeating Microsoft's OWN hardware specs for Vista... but note that I recommended 80gig, not 40. And extra RAM is always a good thing! And here's more good news -- Microsoft has extended the deadline for computer makers to sell new PCs with XP to June 30, 2008.


    Posted by:
    laverne
    12 Oct 2007

    how do you measure for a screen, the whole monitor
    or the in side.

    EDITOR'S NOTE: The monitor is measured along the diagonal of the viewable area of the screen.


    Posted by:
    Trendy
    08 May 2008

    Bob what about Graphics card

    EDITOR'S NOTE: I've bought many computers over the years, and I've NEVER been concerned about the graphics card. They all seem to work just fine for my purposes. Maybe serious gamers will want to spend more on a high-end video card, but not me.


    Posted by:
    Lynn Armstrong
    10 May 2008

    I do not like dark colors and refuse to buy a black computer. What do you suggest?

    EDITOR'S NOTE: It does seem that most computers come in black. But you can find white or grey computers if you look around. I just visited TigerDirect and found a Lenovo 3000 K100 and the HP DC7700 which are not black.


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